1 12 3 https://fourviewshist181.jenniferandrella.com/files/original/28ea171afc5510b2663faf5973fb5895.jpg 4b4b4b523e77cdac413512b36b362651 https://fourviewshist181.jenniferandrella.com/files/original/fb1a762a224cddaebbe743a923f8c498.png 1aeec0579253857b6cda89ba49f04ad9 https://fourviewshist181.jenniferandrella.com/files/original/22613dd91f6883b17ed1ecb3cb5bd5ca.png 6c500a9e18cc0a2898fb031d2ffa0acd https://fourviewshist181.jenniferandrella.com/files/original/16bc62ff48f8124abd53c0e8cc728773.jpg aa8d23a3b607508d75d7fa47ef49686a Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Text Any textual data included in the document The first view I chose to discuss was the whole bandolier bag. This artifact stuck out to me because of the vibrant colors and the exotic design. These items were created across all of the Indigenous lands throughout the U.S. It is believed that these items were made due to the Indian Removal act of 1830, which was when the Lenape were removed from their land by force. The patterns really stick out which make every bandolier bag different. This bag was used to complement men’s ceremonial outfits. Sometimes, the men even wore more than one bag which allowed them to dress in many colors and patterns. Typically, women were the ones to design these bags for the men. The women would gather trade cloth together which was made from cotton or wool along with other animal hides. With the materials they would gather, they could then craft the bandolier bags. The second view that I will be taking a look at is the composition. Bandolier bags were primarily composed of quills back when they were in their prime. Quills were first softened up until they were flexible enough to be woven onto Indigenous clothes. However, beads were another material that were stitched onto the cloth. These beads were called “seed beads” and the Indigenous people received them from European traders. The seed beads were made of glass and they were highly sought after due to their outstanding colors. Before beads were used to decorate the bags, porcupine quills were used instead. The porcupine quills were softened, dyed, and once malleable, the quills were stitched onto the cloth. The reason that people stopped using quills is because they required different techniques when it came to forming the bag. The quills got outdated and people started using beads instead. The third and most interesting view that will be discussed is the pattern of these bags. There are many different styles of bandolier bags, but one of the main styles is called the “prairie style.” The prairie style bag typically used glass beads with a floral pattern. While most of the bags stuck to a floral pattern, the patterns could also vary to more abstract pieces. Floral patterns are seen as a symbol of transformation in making art along with the creativity of people as they go through new experiences. Colorful and exotic patterns also determined who certain people associated with along with their social status. The final view I will be discussing is how bandolier bags are seen today in modern society. Bandolier bags are still worn and used today by people due to their significant history. Also, they are still seen as a large part of culture and ceremonial events. Artists are still gaining inspiration from these bags when it comes to their modern work. They continue to find new ways of interpreting these artifacts. There are even groups of bandolier bag artists that work together in designing creative artifacts like these. As the artists work together, they bounce ideas off of each other which allows them to come up with new patterns and models. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Four Views of Bandolier Bag- Ben Frericks Subject The topic of the resource The history of bandolier bags Description An account of the resource Smarthistory – Bandolier Bag Makers and Masterpieces: Baldric Sashes and Bandolier Bags at the Smithsonian (choctawnation.com) Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Smarthistory Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available 2024 SMARTHISTORY Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 05/17/24 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Legal https://fourviewshist181.jenniferandrella.com/files/original/85ba7224bebf1afd4bf0690ea12e140c.PNG 703b87b334f34fe6a6c727160749dc86 https://fourviewshist181.jenniferandrella.com/files/original/1d4eee1c10489fb92d5bb29fc6b8aa87.JPEG 2dd1bdf13c8f8e9d242cf8ce6f21ca8c https://fourviewshist181.jenniferandrella.com/files/original/dddb1186a0497c00d8fce47790cdb902.JPEG 7edac577e70176a8eeaf0ca6d2c775ba https://fourviewshist181.jenniferandrella.com/files/original/c98b181160d3dfff519ab2fc747c0584.JPEG 75e17c6d96b09604da3f936f9d4d29b8 https://fourviewshist181.jenniferandrella.com/files/original/2b3b740e4729c24f9836cb33b4d2d352.JPEG f5bd58abf1b0c9149d32f2c7576f9f76 Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Text Any textual data included in the document This piece of art is from the Duwamish Tribe back in Seattle Washington and we were actually given these when my mom started her Dental Practice there over 20 years ago. I’ve seen this piece of art countless times as I go into work but I actually have never done any research on where this is from or what it represents. So after some time and research, this piece of art was relevant to trade because of the story that it tells. There are many interpretations of this artwork since there are many tribes in the Pacific Northwest, but they all have the same basics. On top is the mythical Thunderbird and on the bottom is the mimlos-whale. There was a great flood at the time and the thunderbird fought a long battle with the mimlos-whale. He would seize the whale in his talons but the whale kept escaping. It was a game of cat and mouse, but finally at the end the mimlos-whale managed to escape to the deep sea. Due to this event, the Duwamish and other native tribes believe that this is why no trees grow on the Olympic Peninsula prairies and other places around there because the winds were so strong that it pulled trees out of the ground. From the old tales, the mimlos-whale/killer whale is actually depicted as the evil nature in this story. The Duwamish believed in balance and harmony and this killer whale represented the bad of it. From the story it also explains that this battle was the reason why the mimlos-whale decided to stay in the deep ocean and the thunderbird stayed in the skies. Balanced as it should be. Although the killer whale is represented as evil in the story, the animal is assigned with great strength and longevity. Which has been shown in the story on how he keeps battling and never giving up even when it seems like it's over. So this is the legendary Thunderbird. The thunderbird was a mighty beast that was said to bring lighting, floods, thunder, and great winds. This mighty beast brought lighting from his chest, made the strong winds from the flapping of his wings, which is why no trees grow on the Olympic Peninsula. He also could bring great floods with just an angry mood. He is rumored to have lived in the Olympic glacial field under the ice, and everytime he returned the ice would move and shake. Most importantly, this creature was very important to Indigenous Tribes in the Pacific Northwest because he represented a supernatural being that connected the spiritual world with the physical world. The faces and markings on the whale are a bit odd but they make sense. The face next to the head of the whale is actually the white spot on the orca, like how they're actually eyes are not the giant white spots on their head. However I think that this face is meant to represent some kind of evil or bad action. The middle part of the thunderbird is actually said to be two monstrous feathered snakes and they dart out whenever they want to create lighting when angered, but these two faces are a part of something good(Thunderbird). The face on the orca’s fin represents evil. Just like the other face, they all add up to make the evil(which is the whale), and in balance you have the two snakes to balance out the two faces. In the end everything is balanced. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Four Views on Thunderbird and Mimlos-whale Subject The topic of the resource Wood carving of Thunderbird and Mimlos-Whale Description An account of the resource Old wood carving in my mom's dental office Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Donated to us by Duwamish tribe patients Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived https://pnsn.org/outreach/native-american-stories/thunderbird-and-whale/thunderbird-and-whale-overview https://www.pnsn.org/outreach/native-american-stories/thunderbird-and-whale/thunderbird-and-whale-stories/tales-from-the-hoh-and-quileute https://nativecanadianarts.com/gallery/kwa-gulth-thunderbird-and-killer-whale/ https://theenlightenmentjourney.com/the-thunderbird-and-whale-tlingit-story-of-transformation/ https://www.britannica.com/topic/thunderbird-mythological-bird Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Was made before I was born and probably before my parents were born or even further back. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource A long time before Seattle became a big city, maybe even a city Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Duwamish Tribe and my mom Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Given as gifts to us. Relation A related resource My mom has this in her dental office https://fourviewshist181.jenniferandrella.com/files/original/9f0177449686557b6c875624277ff2e3.png 7384093f1b9b8ee42b8b6efd91652d8b Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Animal design Description An account of the resource While this animal may look like a snake, it is correctly described as a Naamsskii. Naamsskii translates to “has a nothing face“ and in the Pikani culture, Naamsski charms are made for males while turtle charms are made for females. Each charm was made uniquely for each child so they could be identified by their charm from a distance. In some cultures, Naamsski also means lizard so it can be believed that is why this charm is snakelike. The amulet tail is also said to rattle which further adds to its snake-like appearance. Lastly, as a children's item, it makes sense for this charm to be simple and not include any fangs. https://fourviewshist181.jenniferandrella.com/files/original/8e8f7420267637dbad7de039a76d4d47.png a1e40b546efeeb38944f36ebbc810f13 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Origin Description An account of the resource The underside of this charm has various numbers but it is unsure if the numbers were originally on the charm or have any clues to the origin of this amulet. What is known is that this amulet originally belonged to a Pikani whose name is unknown. In 1929, a man named Robert Rymill purchased the item along with others when visiting the Piikani Nation. Cambridge University’s Museum of Archeology and Anthropology (MAA) sent Robert to purchase traditional items including 199 Piikani items making up the largest known collection of Piikani artifacts. As of today, this item is still at MAA. https://fourviewshist181.jenniferandrella.com/files/original/f0e65a99a2645e015927e8ebfe42c930.png 28c5e4a5719aaac6190c0d3ee4858390 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Item use Description An account of the resource This item is brightly colored as it was made for children. These amulets were made to honor children as they were considered gifts of the creator. In many circumstances, these amulets would be an infant's first toy inferring that this item is made of mostly soft materials. These amulets also served as a symbolic connection between mother and child as it contained a dried umbilical cord in a pouch within the amulet. This toy further symbolized meaning, it provided protection of the children and these amulets were often seen to keep children from being sick. https://fourviewshist181.jenniferandrella.com/files/original/ee7c0754ff3137b45bf71b23f793b6be.png 638aa657f4ba21faecf4a17fa02bf51a Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Intricate design Description An account of the resource The design of these amulets is very intricate and made of many materials that all have meanings in the Pikani culture. First, the beads that line most of the entire amulet likely came from trade with settlers. Beading was seen as a craft where artists expressed themselves and their beliefs and designs could be passed down generatinally. This amulet is also made with hide. Like many tribes, Pikani used as far as animals for toys and other items and believed animals sacrificed themselves for the natives. As animal was used in many toys, it can be inferred that animal was used to string the beads. Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Text Any textual data included in the document Citations https://mootookakiossin.ca/explore/objects/amulet_MAA_1929/main https://collections.maa.cam.ac.uk/objects/487824/ Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Piikstaan Charm Description An account of the resource Naamsskii Amulet Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Anonymous Pikani Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Museum of Archaeology and Anthropology Relation A related resource Mootookakiossin Distant Awareness project Subject The topic of the resource Naamsskii Amulet Type The nature or genre of the resource Still image Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1900-1929 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource Sinew, Beads, and Hide